T cells that are autoreactive to β2-glycoprotein I in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome and healthy individuals

Structural Changes in β2-Glycoprotein I and the Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Autoreactive T cells in healthy individuals.

The presence of autoreactive CD4(+) T cells in the peripheral blood of healthy human subjects was investigated after removal of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Treg). CD4(+) T cells that were directed against the type 1 diabetes-associated autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 65, the melanocyte differentiation Ag tyrosinase, and the cancer/testis tumor Ag NY-ESO-1 were readily derived from...

Isolated IgA Anti-β2 Glycoprotein I Antibodies in Patients with Clinical Criteria for Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Seronegative antiphospholipid syndrome (SNAPS) is an autoimmune disease present in patients with clinical manifestations highly suggestive of Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) but with persistently negative consensus antiphospholipid antibodies (a-PL). IgA anti-β 2 Glycoprotein I (aB2-GPI) antibodies are associated with APS. However, they are not currently considered to be laboratory criteria due...

Oxidation of β2-glycoprotein I associates with IgG antibodies to domain I in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome

Domain I (DI) of beta-2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) contains the immunodominant epitope for pathogenic antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). DI is exposed in the linear form of the molecule but not in the circular form that comprises 90% of serum β2GPI. The majority of circulating β2GPI is biochemically reduced with two free thiols in Domain V. However, increased levels of oxidised β2GPI are found in p...

β2-Glycoprotein I/HLA class II complexes are novel autoantigens in antiphospholipid syndrome.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by thrombosis and/or pregnancy complications. β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) complexed with phospholipid is recognized as a major target for autoantibodies in APS; however, less than half the patients with clinical manifestations of APS possess autoantibodies against the complexes. Therefore, the range of autoantigens involved i...